01
The problem
Nobody could say what R&D was building, why, or when it would launch. Execution lived in the work tracker: tens of thousands of tickets with no shared rules for how teams used it. The planning roadmap lived in a spreadsheet that drifted from reality within weeks. Go-to-market teams found out about releases after they shipped, and leadership couldn't tie R&D spend to outcomes. Every quarter ended in a slide rebuild and an argument about what had actually been committed.